Industry insights
ACA vs ACCA: which qualification fits you
The two routes into chartered accountancy compared — structure, flexibility, employers, and what each opens up.
If you're heading into accountancy, one of your first real decisions is which chartered qualification to pursue. The two big routes — ACA (ICAEW) and ACCA — both lead to a respected, globally recognised qualification, but they suit different paths.
ACA (ICAEW)
- Usually completed via a training contract with an employer (the Big Four and mid-tier firms predominantly train ACA).
- Strong association with audit and practice, and with the UK specifically.
- Typically three years, with exams, work experience and ethics modules bundled into the contract.
ACCA
- More flexible and modular — you can study while working in a wider range of roles, including industry and smaller firms.
- More international in recognition and footprint.
- You can start before securing a full training contract, which suits people taking a less linear route.
How to choose
If you want the classic Big Four practice route and the employer is offering ACA, take it — it's the standard currency for UK audit. If you value flexibility, are working in industry, or want maximum international portability, ACCA is an excellent choice.
In reality, the employer and role often decide for you: apply broadly, and let the training contract you win determine the qualification. Both are chartered; neither closes doors.
The salary arc
Graduate trainee salaries at a Big Four firm sit around £28,000–£35,000 in London. The qualification is the real investment: once chartered (≈3 years in), a newly qualified accountant in a London audit practice can command £50,000+. The first three years are an apprenticeship — the return comes after.